Sociology

Sociology

Man is a social animal and he has been working for the society since long; he made societies which had their characteristics. The beginning of society started from 60,000BC called the Paleolithic or the Stone Age era.
The first society was called hunters and gatherers, at that time they used to eat raw meat with the help of the skin, and they also collect seeds and vegetables. The concept of Religion and sacrifice also comes from that society. After that a new society came called the agricultural society also known as “Neolithic” meaning new stone age, they started to sow seeds and started to get food from plants. They started to live near the river and in order to get water they dug canals and made villages with leaves. They kept dogs with the cattle to protect the fields and horses to travel far, they were curious to know what was at the other side of the river, and the concept of trade came it was called the barter system, made boats with trees and started the art of fishing.
After that the pastoral society came it was based on domestic animals, they live nomadic life, traveling from one area to another, and sold their animals for living and eating food. After the pastoral society came the horticulture society it was between 10000-12000BC. This society was based on domesticated plants; plants already grown by nature, which consists of vegetables and fruits, and searched plants for cultivation. The social structure of the era was that people lived in groups with few status and roles there were very few institutions. The division of labor was relatively little and less on the ground. The social change was very slow and the culture was mixed that’s why its culture was called as homogenous culture. In that culture people used to share similar norms and values.
Then came the Industrial society in 1700AD, when there was a scientific revolution in Europe. In this era there were famous people like Martin Luther who worked against the churches and gather people called “Protestants” they fight with catholic (church) after that two sects were made, one of Protestants and other of Catholics. After 100 years Renaissance came in which people started to use their imagination in making art, paintings, buildings, sculpture etc and achieve success in their field. Then they explore scientific world, medical mechanical and space, made steam engine and machines for their comfort but in change they become slaves of these machines, totally dependant on it. While working man forgot his emotions this changed the way of life this made the man more materialistic and people are in the way or in the race of getting all the material things. The social structure of this era was very complex there were many roles and statuses, institutions developed. The division of labor was like the best could work but the one who was not up to the mark or level was not given the chance. The common man was replaced by computer, the social control was established by the law enforcing agencies.
The post industrialization is the 21st century, in which man has his own values, thought this will make the destruction to take place the norms and values will be less because everyone will be wanting the best to get a higher rank in the society.